Most of people like me have interest in Astronomy, Universe. They have so many questions in their mind about universe like how it works? What are those laws which governs its working. so for all those people here are some posts which can tell you everything about universe.
Part 1 of 6 part Series of Understanding the Universe..
Equation 1:- "E=MC^2"
Earlier in the History there was a serious problem for Astronomy that How the stars shines? & we are well aware of conservation of energy.(That is, energy must come from somewhere, and it must go to somewhere) & thermodynamics. When something is squeezed Heat is generated.This gave a mechanism which could cause the stars to shine
The basic idea of this mechanism is that for a large body like a planet or star, gravity tries to compress the star or planet smaller and smaller. due to this compression Core of the body is heated & which in turn radiated the energy in the form of light.
In this way a star could be heated by its own weight. This is a very real effect for gas planets and brown dwarfs (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_dwarf). Jupiter, for example, radiates more heat than it receives from the Sun because of this mechanism.
But for a star such as the Sun there is a problem. Gravity can only squeeze a body so far, so there’s a limit to how much heat can be generated by the mechanism. And by conservation of energy, once the Sun has radiated all its heat energy as light, it is done shining. It’s fairly easy to estimate the rate at which the Sun loses energy given its brightness and size.
Its also fairly straightforward to calculate just how much energy the Sun could gain by gravitational compression. If you apply conservation of energy, then you can determine how long the sun could shine before it runs out of energy, and you get a clear answer: about twenty million years. But it disagreed horribly with geology, where fossil evidence demonstrated that life existed on Earth for several hundred million years, likely much longer.
How is that possible that the Sun could only be tens of millions of years old & earth 100 of million years old?
So the Sun must have shone for billions of years, but astronomers and physicists had no explanation for how that was possible.Gravitational compression couldn’t provide enough energy, nor could chemical reactions, and what else was there?
Then came Albert Einstein, In 1905 he published his paper on special relativity where he suggested Energy and Mass are two sides of the same coin.They are connected.
Not only that, mass can become energy and energy can become mass. This connection is summarized in equation below. In the equation E stands for energy, m for mass, and c for the speed of light.
it simply states that a mass can be converted to its equivalent energy & vice versa.
Einstein gave us the key to understanding the stars.
e.g: if we could convert one paper clip entirely to energy, it would produce enough electrical energy to power the entire world for about 800 billion years.
Somehow the Sun was converting a bit of its mass into energy, and with it’s great mass the Sun could shine for billions upon billions of years.
Fission process only works for heavy elements.
The process which works on the Surface of SUN is the Fusion process where lighter elements like hydrogen fused together to become Helium. We then learned how helium could become carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, and on to heavier and heavier elements.(of course the energy which requires for this process could be in billions of billion amount)
It not only gave us fusion as the source of a star’s power, but explained from whence the diversity of elements came. Hydrogen and helium fusing into heavier elements.
When the star exploded it scatters all its matter across the cosmos which could contain these elements. then because of gravity they combines to form other stars or planets (one of which is home to us).
So from single equation we now knows we are dust of stars since we are also made up of these elements (carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, Hydrogen etc are found in our DNA & DNAs are the basic building blocks of a biological cell)
Part 1 of 6 part Series of Understanding the Universe..
Equation 1:- "E=MC^2"
Earlier in the History there was a serious problem for Astronomy that How the stars shines? & we are well aware of conservation of energy.(That is, energy must come from somewhere, and it must go to somewhere) & thermodynamics. When something is squeezed Heat is generated.This gave a mechanism which could cause the stars to shine
The basic idea of this mechanism is that for a large body like a planet or star, gravity tries to compress the star or planet smaller and smaller. due to this compression Core of the body is heated & which in turn radiated the energy in the form of light.
In this way a star could be heated by its own weight. This is a very real effect for gas planets and brown dwarfs (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_dwarf). Jupiter, for example, radiates more heat than it receives from the Sun because of this mechanism.
But for a star such as the Sun there is a problem. Gravity can only squeeze a body so far, so there’s a limit to how much heat can be generated by the mechanism. And by conservation of energy, once the Sun has radiated all its heat energy as light, it is done shining. It’s fairly easy to estimate the rate at which the Sun loses energy given its brightness and size.
Its also fairly straightforward to calculate just how much energy the Sun could gain by gravitational compression. If you apply conservation of energy, then you can determine how long the sun could shine before it runs out of energy, and you get a clear answer: about twenty million years. But it disagreed horribly with geology, where fossil evidence demonstrated that life existed on Earth for several hundred million years, likely much longer.
How is that possible that the Sun could only be tens of millions of years old & earth 100 of million years old?
So the Sun must have shone for billions of years, but astronomers and physicists had no explanation for how that was possible.Gravitational compression couldn’t provide enough energy, nor could chemical reactions, and what else was there?
Then came Albert Einstein, In 1905 he published his paper on special relativity where he suggested Energy and Mass are two sides of the same coin.They are connected.
Not only that, mass can become energy and energy can become mass. This connection is summarized in equation below. In the equation E stands for energy, m for mass, and c for the speed of light.
it simply states that a mass can be converted to its equivalent energy & vice versa.
Einstein gave us the key to understanding the stars.
e.g: if we could convert one paper clip entirely to energy, it would produce enough electrical energy to power the entire world for about 800 billion years.
Somehow the Sun was converting a bit of its mass into energy, and with it’s great mass the Sun could shine for billions upon billions of years.
Fission process only works for heavy elements.
The process which works on the Surface of SUN is the Fusion process where lighter elements like hydrogen fused together to become Helium. We then learned how helium could become carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, and on to heavier and heavier elements.(of course the energy which requires for this process could be in billions of billion amount)
It not only gave us fusion as the source of a star’s power, but explained from whence the diversity of elements came. Hydrogen and helium fusing into heavier elements.
When the star exploded it scatters all its matter across the cosmos which could contain these elements. then because of gravity they combines to form other stars or planets (one of which is home to us).
So from single equation we now knows we are dust of stars since we are also made up of these elements (carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, Hydrogen etc are found in our DNA & DNAs are the basic building blocks of a biological cell)
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